Influence of inoculum effect on the efficacy of daptomycin monotherapy and in combination with -lactams against daptomycin-susceptible enterococcus faecium harboring liasr substitutions

Razieh Kebriaei, Seth A. Rice, Kavindra V. Singh, Kyle C. Stamper, An Q. Dinh, Rafael Rios, Lorena Diaz, Barbara E. Murray, Jose M. Munita, Truc T. Tran, Cesar A. Arias, Michael J. Rybak

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

35 Scopus citations

Abstract

Enterococcus faecium isolates that harbor LiaFSR substitutions but are phenotypically susceptible to daptomycin (DAP) by current breakpoints are problematic, since predisposition to resistance may lead to therapeutic failure. Using a simulated endocardial vegetation (SEV) pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model, we investigated DAP regimens (6, 8, and 10 mg/kg of body weight/day) as monotherapy and in combination with ampicillin (AMP), ceftaroline (CPT), or ertapenem (ERT) against E. faecium HOU503, a DAP-susceptible strain that harbors common LiaS and LiaR substitutions found in clinical isolates (T120S and W73C, respectively). Of interest, the efficacy of DAP monotherapy, at any dose regimen, was dependent on the size of the inoculum. At an inoculum of 109 CFU/g, DAP doses of 6 to 8 mg/ kg/day were not effective and led to significant regrowth with emergence of resistant derivatives. In contrast, at an inoculum of 107 CFU/g, marked reductions in bacterial counts were observed with DAP at 6 mg/kg/day, with no resistance. The inoculum effect was confirmed in a rat model using humanized DAP exposures. Combinations of DAP with AMP, CPT, or ERT demonstrated enhanced eradication and reduced potential for resistance, allowing de-escalation of the DAP dose. Persistence of the LiaRS substitutions was identified in DAP-resistant isolates recovered from the SEV model and in DAP-resistant derivatives of an initially DAP-susceptible clinical isolate of E. faecium (HOU668) harboring LiaSR substitutions that was recovered from a patient with a recurrent bloodstream infection. Our results provide novel data for the use of DAP monotherapy and combinations for recalcitrant E. faecium infections and pave the way for testing these approaches in humans.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article numbere00315-18
JournalAntimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Volume62
Issue number8
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 2018

Keywords

  • Combination therapy
  • Daptomycin
  • PK/PD
  • VREfm

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Pharmacology
  • Pharmacology (medical)
  • Infectious Diseases

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Influence of inoculum effect on the efficacy of daptomycin monotherapy and in combination with -lactams against daptomycin-susceptible enterococcus faecium harboring liasr substitutions'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this