@article{fc8d409dec9f401dbf36a236973349a7,
title = "[18F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT imaging as a marker of carotid plaque inflammation: Comparison to immunohistology and relationship to acuity of events",
abstract = " Background: [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose ( 18 FDG) uptake imaged with positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) may serve as a biomarker of plaque inflammation. This study evaluated the relationship between carotid plaque 18 FDG uptake and a) intraplaque expression of macrophage and macrophage-like cellular CD68 immunohistology; b) intraplaque inflammatory burden using leukocyte-sensitive CD45 immunohistology; c) symptomatic patient presentation; d) time from last cerebrovascular event. Methods: 54 patients scheduled for carotid endarterectomy underwent 18 FDG PET/CT imaging. Maximum 18FDG uptake (SUV max ) and tissue-to-blood ratio (TBR max ) was measured for carotid plaques. Quantitative immunohistological analysis of macrophage-like cell expression (CD68) and leukocyte content (CD45) was performed. Results: 18 FDG uptake was related to CD68 macrophage expression (TBR max : r = 0.51, p < 0.001), and total-plaque leukocyte CD45 expression (TBR max : r = 0.632, p = 0.009, p < 0.001). 18 FDG TBR max uptake in carotid plaque associated with patient symptoms was greater than asymptomatic plaque (3.58 ± 1.01 vs. 3.13 ± 1.10, p = 0.008). 18 FDG uptake differed between an acuity threshold of <90 days and >90 days (SUV max :3.15 ± 0.87 vs. 2.52 ± 0.45, p = 0.015). Conclusions: In this CAIN cohort, 18 FDG uptake imaged with PET/CT serves a surrogate marker of intraplaque inflammatory macrophage, macrophage-like cell and leukocyte burden. 18FDG uptake is greater in plaque associated with patient symptoms and those with recent cerebrovascular events. Future studies are needed to relate 18 FDG uptake and disease progression. ",
keywords = "Acuity, Carotid plaque inflammation, FDG PET/CT, Leukocyte, Macrophage, Symptoms, [ -F]-fluorodeoxyglucose",
author = "{for the Canadian Atherosclerosis Imaging Network (CAIN) - Project II} and Cocker, {Myra S.} and Spence, {J. David} and Robert Hammond and deKemp, {Robert A.} and Cheemun Lum and George Wells and Jordan Bernick and Andrew Hill and Sudhir Nagpal and Grant Stotts and Murad Alturkustani and Adebayo Adeeko and Yulia Yerofeyeva and Katey Rayner and Joan Peterson and Khan, {Ali R.} and Naidas, {Ann C.} and Linda Garrard and Yaffe, {Martin J.} and Eugene Leung and Prato, {Frank S.} and Tardif, {Jean Claude} and Beanlands, {Rob S.B.}",
note = "Funding Information: Dr. Rob Beanlands is a consultant for – and receives research grant funding from – Jubilant-DraxImage, Lantheus Medical Imaging and General Electric. Funding Information: This work was supported in part by the Canadian Atherosclerosis Imaging Network (CAIN) (CIHR Grant # CRI-88057 ), the Canadian Foundation of Innovation (CFI grant number: FCI 20099 ), a government/industry infrastructure support grant (collaborating industries: GE, Nordion and Lantheus), and the Molecular Function and Imaging (MFI) Program [Program Grant from the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario (HSFO Grant # PRG6242 )]. Dr. Myra Cocker was a Research Fellow of the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada and recipient of the University of Ottawa Heart Institute Ernest & Margaret Ford Fellowship. Dr. Rob Beanlands is a Career Investigator supported by the HSFO, a Tier 1 University of Ottawa Chair in Cardiovascular Research and Vered Chair in Cardiology. Funding Information: This work was supported in part by the Canadian Atherosclerosis Imaging Network (CAIN) (CIHR Grant #CRI-88057), the Canadian Foundation of Innovation (CFI grant number: FCI 20099), a government/industry infrastructure support grant (collaborating industries: GE, Nordion and Lantheus), and the Molecular Function and Imaging (MFI) Program [Program Grant from the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario (HSFO Grant #PRG6242)]. Dr. Myra Cocker was a Research Fellow of the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada and recipient of the University of Ottawa Heart Institute Ernest & Margaret Ford Fellowship. Dr. Rob Beanlands is a Career Investigator supported by the HSFO, a Tier 1 University of Ottawa Chair in Cardiovascular Research and Vered Chair in Cardiology. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 Elsevier B.V. Copyright: Copyright 2019 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",
year = "2018",
month = nov,
day = "15",
doi = "10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.05.057",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "271",
pages = "378--386",
journal = "International Journal of Cardiology",
issn = "0167-5273",
publisher = "Elsevier Ireland Ltd",
}