A modified porous silicon microparticle potentiates protective systemic and mucosal immunity for SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccine

Awadalkareem Adam, Qing Shi, Binbin Wang, Jing Zou, Junhua Mai, Samantha R. Osman, Wenzhe Wu, Xuping Xie, Patricia V. Aguilar, Xiaoyong Bao, Pei Yong Shi, Haifa Shen, Tian Wang

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

5 Scopus citations

Abstract

Development of optimal SARS-CoV-2 vaccines to induce potent, long-lasting immunity and provide cross-reactive protection against emerging variants remains a high priority. Here, we report that a modified porous silicon microparticle (mPSM) adjuvant to SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) vaccine activated dendritic cells and generated more potent and durable systemic humoral and type 1 helper T (Th) cell- mediated immune responses than alum-formulated RBD following parenteral vaccination, and protected mice from SARS-CoV-2 and Beta variant challenge. Notably, mPSM facilitated the uptake of SARS-CoV-2 RBD antigens by nasal and airway epithelial cells. Parenteral and intranasal prime and boost vaccinations with mPSM-RBD elicited stronger lung resident T and B cells and IgA responses compared to parenteral vaccination alone, which led to markedly diminished viral loads and inflammation in the lung following SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant challenge. Overall, our results suggest that mPSM is effective adjuvant for SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccine in both systemic and mucosal vaccinations.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)13-27
Number of pages15
JournalTranslational Research
Volume249
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 2022

Keywords

  • Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology
  • Animals
  • COVID-19/prevention & control
  • COVID-19 Vaccines
  • Humans
  • Immunity, Mucosal
  • Immunoglobulin A
  • Mice
  • Porosity
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Silicon/pharmacology
  • Vaccines, Subunit
  • Viral Vaccines

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
  • Physiology (medical)
  • Biochemistry, medical

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