A survey on diagnostic methods for automotive engines

Faults affecting automotive engines can potentially lead to increased emissions, increased fuel consumption, or engine damage. These negative impacts may be prevented or at least alleviated if faults can be detected and isolated in advance of a failure. United States Federal and State regulations dictate that automotive engines operate with high-precision onboard diagnosis (OBD) systems that enable the detection of faults, resulting in higher emissions that exceed standard thresholds. In this paper, we survey and discuss the different aspects of fault detection and diagnosis in automotive engine systems. The paper collects some of the efforts made in academia and industry on fault detection and isolation for a variety of component faults, actuator faults, and sensor faults using various data-driven and model-based methods.