Cat scratch neuroretinitis

Cat scratch disease (CSD) is an uncommon disorder caused primarily by the bacteria Bartonella henselae. This condition is believed to be transmitted by cat scratches, cat bites, or contact with cat saliva. In approximately 80% of cases, patients are younger than 20 years of age. Exposure is often followed by lymphadenopathy and flu-like symptoms including malaise, fever, and headaches. The ocular manifestations of CSD are rare, with neuroretinitis occurring in 1% to 2% of affected patients. Retinal involvement is characterized by a sudden decrease of vision, optic disc swelling, and macular star exudates. Bartonellosis is a self-limiting condition; however, antibiotics may speed recovery. The prognosis after an episode of neuroretinitis is excellent, regardless of treatment. This paper discusses a 15-year-old female who was diagnosed with neuroretinitis, secondary to Bartonella henselae, based on physical exam and serological testing.