Contrast-enhanced ultrasound

Lyssa N. Ochoa; Esteban Henao; Alan B. Lumsden; Ruth L. Bush

doi:10.1007/978-1-84628-450-2_49

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound

Lyssa N. Ochoa, Esteban Henao, Alan B. Lumsden, Ruth L. Bush

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter

3 Scopus citations

Abstract

Gramiak and Shah first introduced the technique of using contrast enhanced two-dimensional echocardiography in 1968.1,2 The first contrast agents used were 'free' microbubbles that were limited by their low persistence and efficacy. Since that time, the development of contrast agents has followed several methods.2,3 Aqueous solutions, colloidal suspensions, and emulsions were studied as possible candidates for contrast agents; however, their safety and efficacy were not compatible with ultrasound. Newer contrast agents are composed of stabilized microbubbles that offer adequate safety profiles and improved efficacy. Their properties approach that of the ideal contrast agent, which is nontoxic, injectable intravenously, able to pass through the capillary pulmonary bed, and stable enough to achieve enhancement for the duration of the examination.

Original language	English (US)
Title of host publication	Noninvasive Vascular Diagnosis
Subtitle of host publication	A Practical Guide to Therapy: Second Edition
Publisher	Springer London
Pages	529-545
Number of pages	17
ISBN (Print)	1846284465, 9781846284465
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84628-450-2_49
State	Published - Dec 1 2007

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Medicine

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AU - Lumsden, Alan B.

AU - Bush, Ruth L.

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AB - Gramiak and Shah first introduced the technique of using contrast enhanced two-dimensional echocardiography in 1968.1,2 The first contrast agents used were 'free' microbubbles that were limited by their low persistence and efficacy. Since that time, the development of contrast agents has followed several methods.2,3 Aqueous solutions, colloidal suspensions, and emulsions were studied as possible candidates for contrast agents; however, their safety and efficacy were not compatible with ultrasound. Newer contrast agents are composed of stabilized microbubbles that offer adequate safety profiles and improved efficacy. Their properties approach that of the ideal contrast agent, which is nontoxic, injectable intravenously, able to pass through the capillary pulmonary bed, and stable enough to achieve enhancement for the duration of the examination.

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Contrast-enhanced ultrasound

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