TY - JOUR
T1 - Double-Spin Leukocyte-Rich Platelet-Rich Plasma Is Predominantly Lymphocyte Rich With Notable Concentrations of Other White Blood Cell Subtypes
AU - Marathe, Anuj
AU - Patel, Shiv J.
AU - Song, Bo
AU - Sliepka, Joseph M.
AU - Shybut, Theodore S.
AU - Lee, Brendan H.
AU - Jayaram, Prathap
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors report the following potential conflicts of interest or sources of funding: The authors have received funding from the BCM Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center (HD024064) from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, the BCM Advanced Technology Cores with funding from the National Institutes of Health (CA125123), the Rolanette and Berdon Lawrence Bone Disease Program of Texas, the BCM Center for Skeletal Medicine and Biology, the Pamela and David Ott Center for Heritable Disorders of Connective Tissue, and the Richard S. Materson Education Research Grant through the PMR Foundation. Full ICMJE author disclosure forms are available for this article online, as supplementary material .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Authors
PY - 2022/4
Y1 - 2022/4
N2 - Purpose: To comprehensively characterize a double-spin leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma (LR-PRP) formulation and to compare it with whole blood (WB) by quantitatively assessing platelet and WB cell subtype concentrations in each. Methods: Prospective human ex vivo analysis with 12 healthy adult men with ages ranging from 25 to 31 was performed in a controlled laboratory setting. The main outcome measure was the leukocyte profile of human LR-PRP. Results: In LR-PRP, lymphocytes were the predominant WB cell type (11.94 ± 2.97 × 103 cells/μL) followed by neutrophils (3.72 ± 1.28 × 103 cells/μL). The mean cumulative percentage of granulocytes was 23% ± 8% and agranulocytes was 77% ± 18%. There was a significant difference observed between granulocyte and agranulocyte percentage within both WB (P =.004, [95% CI: (7%,31%)]) and LR-PRP (P <.0001, [95% CI: (42%,66%)]) groups. In addition, there was a significant difference observed between the WB and LR-PRP granulocyte percentages (P <.0001, [95% CI: (29%,43%)]) and between the WB and LR-PRP agranulocyte percentages (P <.0001, [95% CI: (30%,42%)]). Conclusions: Our study found that LR-PRP is predominantly lymphocyte rich with notable concentrations of other WB cell subtypes, including neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and large unstained cells. While these subtypes are not routinely reported, they may play a role in modulating the local inflammatory environment. We also found significant differences in WB cell subtype concentrations between WB and LR-PRP. Clinical Relevance: PRP has been routinely used in many clinical practices without clear indications for its use and lacks standardization in its formulation. This study provides a comprehensive characterization of a broadly used PRP, LR-PRP, and further characterizes subtypes of WBC cells present in LR-PRP that have not been previously reported. Comprehensively reporting these subtypes in clinical trials of PRP is crucial to understanding how these cells participate in PRP's therapeutic potential. This type of data can help standardize future PRP formulations and improve patient outcomes.
AB - Purpose: To comprehensively characterize a double-spin leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma (LR-PRP) formulation and to compare it with whole blood (WB) by quantitatively assessing platelet and WB cell subtype concentrations in each. Methods: Prospective human ex vivo analysis with 12 healthy adult men with ages ranging from 25 to 31 was performed in a controlled laboratory setting. The main outcome measure was the leukocyte profile of human LR-PRP. Results: In LR-PRP, lymphocytes were the predominant WB cell type (11.94 ± 2.97 × 103 cells/μL) followed by neutrophils (3.72 ± 1.28 × 103 cells/μL). The mean cumulative percentage of granulocytes was 23% ± 8% and agranulocytes was 77% ± 18%. There was a significant difference observed between granulocyte and agranulocyte percentage within both WB (P =.004, [95% CI: (7%,31%)]) and LR-PRP (P <.0001, [95% CI: (42%,66%)]) groups. In addition, there was a significant difference observed between the WB and LR-PRP granulocyte percentages (P <.0001, [95% CI: (29%,43%)]) and between the WB and LR-PRP agranulocyte percentages (P <.0001, [95% CI: (30%,42%)]). Conclusions: Our study found that LR-PRP is predominantly lymphocyte rich with notable concentrations of other WB cell subtypes, including neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and large unstained cells. While these subtypes are not routinely reported, they may play a role in modulating the local inflammatory environment. We also found significant differences in WB cell subtype concentrations between WB and LR-PRP. Clinical Relevance: PRP has been routinely used in many clinical practices without clear indications for its use and lacks standardization in its formulation. This study provides a comprehensive characterization of a broadly used PRP, LR-PRP, and further characterizes subtypes of WBC cells present in LR-PRP that have not been previously reported. Comprehensively reporting these subtypes in clinical trials of PRP is crucial to understanding how these cells participate in PRP's therapeutic potential. This type of data can help standardize future PRP formulations and improve patient outcomes.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.asmr.2021.10.004
DO - 10.1016/j.asmr.2021.10.004
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85121239294
SN - 2666-061X
VL - 4
SP - e335-e341
JO - Arthroscopy, Sports Medicine, and Rehabilitation
JF - Arthroscopy, Sports Medicine, and Rehabilitation
IS - 2
ER -