@inproceedings{03cb0a3a6b2648a8af6a807be28cbb9e,
title = "Gold nanoparticles for tumor detection with proton radiography: Optimizing sensitivity and determining detection limits",
abstract = "Proton radiography is a promising imaging technique that can be used to improve the treatment plan quality for proton therapy, by providing accurate estimates of proton stopping power. While a proton radiograph has accurate information about proton stopping power, it also has an inherently low tissue contrast for diagnostic purposes, as compared to X-ray imaging. The nature of energetic, massive protons as a radiographic probe is that they require a high-Z tracer to provide sufficient proton scatter in order to delineate target structures. Gold nanoparticles could be that ideal tracer due to a Z = 79, and their biocompatibility. Here the detection thresholds for gold-nanoparticle targeted tumors are evaluated using instantaneous, 800-MeV proton radiography, at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. Data is compared against MRI data in pre-clinical mouse models with 4T1 tumors directly injected with gold nanoparticle solution. The proton radiography system is then optimized using novel collimation schemes, including a dark field proton radiographic setup, that aimed to increase sensitivity and reduce dose. Results evaluated here are extrapolated to 211-MeV proton radiographic energy, to compare against expectations at clinical treatment energies. At that lower energy, proton radiography is moresensitive to the multiple Coulomb scattering introduced by a high-Z tracer.",
keywords = "Dark field proton radiography, Gold nanoparticles, Proton radiography, Proton therapy, Tumor assessment",
author = "Sidebottom, {Rachel B.} and Aulwes, {Ethan F.} and Freeman, {Matthew S.} and Magnelind, {Per E.} and Merrill, {Frank E.} and Achraf Noureddine and Reed Selwyn and Rita Serda and Dale Tupa and Yirong Yang and Michelle Espy",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 SPIE. All rights reserved.; Colloidal Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications XVI 2021 ; Conference date: 06-03-2021 Through 11-03-2021",
year = "2021",
doi = "10.1117/12.2582598",
language = "English (US)",
series = "Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Proceedings of SPIE",
publisher = "SPIE",
editor = "Marek Osinski and Kanaras, {Antonios G.}",
booktitle = "Colloidal Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications XVI",
address = "United States",
}