@article{3ef5fefa83dc4416bcac25b0bd5930ba,
title = "Localized mandibular infection affects remote in vivo bioreactor bone generation",
abstract = "Mandibular reconstruction requires functional and aesthetic repair and is further complicated by contamination from oral and skin flora. Antibiotic-releasing porous space maintainers have been developed for the local release of vancomycin and to promote soft tissue attachment. In this study, mandibular defects in six sheep were inoculated with 106 colony forming units of Staphylococcus aureus; three sheep were implanted with unloaded porous space maintainers and three sheep were implanted with vancomycin-loaded space maintainers within the defect site. During the same surgery, 3D-printed in vivo bioreactors containing autograft or xenograft were implanted adjacent to rib periosteum. After 9 weeks, animals were euthanized, and tissues were analyzed. Antibiotic-loaded space maintainers were able to prevent dehiscence of soft tissue overlying the space maintainer, reduce local inflammatory cells, eliminate the persistence of pathogens, and prevent the increase in mandibular size compared to unloaded space maintainers in this sheep model. Animals with an untreated mandibular infection formed bony tissues with greater density and maturity within the distal bioreactors. Additionally, tissues grown in autograft-filled bioreactors had higher compressive moduli and higher maximum screw pull-out forces than xenograft-filled bioreactors. In summary, we demonstrated that antibiotic-releasing space maintainers are an innovative approach to preserve a robust soft tissue pocket while clearing infection, and that local infections can increase local and remote bone growth.",
keywords = "In vivo bioreactors, Large animal model, Local antibiotic release, Mandibular repair, Osteomyelitis, Tissue engineering",
author = "Emma Watson and Smith, {Brandon T.} and Smoak, {Mollie M.} and Tatara, {Alexander M.} and Shah, {Sarita R.} and Pearce, {Hannah A.} and Hogan, {Katie J.} and Jonathan Shum and Melville, {James C.} and Hanna, {Issa A.} and Nagi Demian and Wenke, {Joseph C.} and Bennett, {George N.} and {van den Beucken}, {Jeroen J.J.P.} and Jansen, {John A.} and Wong, {Mark E.} and Mikos, {Antonios G.}",
note = "Funding Information: E.W. B.T.S. A.M.T. S.R.S. and K.J.H. would like to thank the Baylor College of Medicine Medical Scientist Training Program. We acknowledge the help and support from Dr. Julia Goldman and the veterinary staff at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston for animal care, along with Natasja van Dijk at Radboudumc for histological training, and Casey Rehfeld from KLS Martin for hardware loans. We would also like to acknowledge Synthasome, Inc. For the donation of the raw materials for the space maintainer and Geistlich North America for the donation of Bio-Oss{\textregistered}. This work was supported by the Osteo Science Foundation and the NIH (P41 EB023833). E.W. and B.T.S. are supported by the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (Grant F31 DE027586) and National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (Grant F30 AR071258), respectively. M.M.S. is supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship and the Ford Foundation. H.A.P. is also supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship. Funding Information: E.W., B.T.S., A.M.T., S.R.S., and K.J.H. would like to thank the Baylor College of Medicine Medical Scientist Training Program. We acknowledge the help and support from Dr. Julia Goldman and the veterinary staff at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston for animal care, along with Natasja van Dijk at Radboudumc for histological training, and Casey Rehfeld from KLS Martin for hardware loans. We would also like to acknowledge Synthasome, Inc. For the donation of the raw materials for the space maintainer and Geistlich North America for the donation of Bio-Oss{\textregistered}. This work was supported by the Osteo Science Foundation and the NIH ( P41 EB023833 ). E.W. and B.T.S. are supported by the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (Grant F31 DE027586 ) and National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (Grant F30 AR071258 ), respectively. M.M.S. is supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship and the Ford Foundation . H.A.P. is also supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 Elsevier Ltd",
year = "2020",
month = oct,
doi = "10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120185",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "256",
pages = "120185",
journal = "Biomaterials",
issn = "0142-9612",
publisher = "Elsevier BV",
}