Mitigation of Amphotericin B Nephrotoxicity by Mannitol

Renal transplant recipients are susceptible to a number of fungal infections amenable to therapy with amphotericin B, but azotaemia is an almost invariable sequel to the use of this agent. As intravenous mannitol has been shown to minimize nephrotoxicity induced by amphotericin B in dogs, 4 kidney transplant recipients who had systemic fungal infections were treated with mannitol and amphotericin B. None showed significant reduction in renal function though a mild metabolic acidosis did develop.