Abstract
Objective To assess patient-and hospital-level characteristics associated with opioid use in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive pregnant women and fetal health outcomes. Methods Using the 2002-2014 Nationwide Inpatient Sample database, we analyzed discharge records to describe the rates of opioid use among HIV-positive pregnant women. Logistic regression was used to quantify the magnitude of the association between exposure status and maternal-fetal outcomes. Results Opioid use was fourfold greater among HIV-positive pregnant women compared with their HIV-negative counterparts (odds ratio 4.0; 95% confidence interval 3.15-5.12). Relatively smaller but significant increases in the early onset of delivery, poor fetal growth, abortive pregnancy, and spontaneous abortion also were observed in association with HIV-positive status and opioid drug use during pregnancy. Conclusions An increased risk of negative maternal-fetal complications persists among HIV-positive women who use opioids during pregnancy. Focusing on predisposing factors and monitoring opioid dispensing may mitigate overuse or abuse in this vulnerable population.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 292-297 |
Number of pages | 6 |
Journal | Southern Medical Journal |
Volume | 113 |
Issue number | 6 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jun 1 2020 |
Keywords
- HIV
- maternal-fetal complications
- opioid use
- pregnancy
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Medicine(all)