Primary central nervous system lymphoma involving the optic chiasm in AIDS

Objective To report visual loss resulting from chiasmal involvement by primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). Materials and Methods Case report. Results A patient with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) presented with visual loss resulting from PCNSL involving the optic chiasm. The clinical findings, neuroimaging, pathology, and treatment of this patient are described. Conclusions Although rare, clinicians should consider PCNSL in the differential of a hypothalamic/chiasmal mass, especially in a patient with AIDS.