Second monovalent SARS-CoV-2 mRNA booster restores Omicron-specific neutralizing activity in both nursing home residents and health care workers

Clare Nugent; Yasin Abul; Elizabeth M. White; Fadi Shehadeh; Matthew Kaczynski; Lewis Oscar Felix; Narchonai Ganesan; Oladayo A. Oyebanji; Igor Vishnepolskiy; Elise M. Didion; Alexandra Paxitzis; Maegan L. Sheehan; Philip A. Chan; Walther M. Pfeifer; Evan Dickerson; Shreya Kamojjala; Brigid M. Wilson; Eleftherios Mylonakis; Christopher L. King; Alejandro B. Balazs; David H. Canaday; Stefan Gravenstein

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.04.034

Second monovalent SARS-CoV-2 mRNA booster restores Omicron-specific neutralizing activity in both nursing home residents and health care workers

Clare Nugent, Yasin Abul, Elizabeth M. White, Fadi Shehadeh, Matthew Kaczynski, Lewis Oscar Felix, Narchonai Ganesan, Oladayo A. Oyebanji, Igor Vishnepolskiy, Elise M. Didion, Alexandra Paxitzis, Maegan L. Sheehan, Philip A. Chan, Walther M. Pfeifer, Evan Dickerson, Shreya Kamojjala, Brigid M. Wilson, Eleftherios Mylonakis, Christopher L. King, Alejandro B. BalazsDavid H. Canaday, Stefan Gravenstein

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

3 Scopus citations

Abstract

We examined whether the second monovalent SARS-CoV-2 mRNA booster increased antibody levels and their neutralizing activity to Omicron variants in nursing home residents (NH) residents and healthcare workers (HCW). We sampled 376 NH residents and 63 HCW after primary mRNA vaccination, first and second boosters, for antibody response and pseudovirus neutralization assay against SARS-CoV-2 wild-type (WT) (Wuhan-Hu-1) strain, Omicron BA.1 and BA.5 variants. Antibody levels and neutralizing activity progressively increased with each booster but subsequently waned over 3–6 months. NH residents, both those without and with prior infection, had a robust geometric mean fold rise (GMFR) of 8.1 (95% CI 4.4, 14.8) and 7.8 (95% CI 4.8, 12.9) respectively in Omicron-BA.1 subvariant specific neutralizing antibody levels following the second booster vaccination (p < 0.001). These results support the ongoing efforts to ensure that both NH residents and HCW are up-to-date on recommended SARS-CoV-2 vaccine booster doses.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	3403-3409
Number of pages	7
Journal	Vaccine
Volume	41
Issue number	22
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.04.034
State	Published - May 22 2023

Keywords

Antibody response
COVID-19
Nursing homes
Omicron
SARS-CoV-2
Vaccines
Antibodies, Neutralizing
Nursing Homes
SARS-CoV-2/genetics
Humans
Antibodies, Viral
COVID-19 Vaccines
Health Personnel
COVID-19/prevention & control
RNA, Messenger

ASJC Scopus subject areas

veterinary(all)
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Infectious Diseases
Molecular Medicine
Immunology and Microbiology(all)

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10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.04.034

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Nugent, C., Abul, Y., White, E. M., Shehadeh, F., Kaczynski, M., Oscar Felix, L., Ganesan, N., Oyebanji, O. A., Vishnepolskiy, I., Didion, E. M., Paxitzis, A., Sheehan, M. L., Chan, P. A., Pfeifer, W. M., Dickerson, E., Kamojjala, S., Wilson, B. M., Mylonakis, E., King, C. L., ... Gravenstein, S. (2023). Second monovalent SARS-CoV-2 mRNA booster restores Omicron-specific neutralizing activity in both nursing home residents and health care workers. Vaccine, 41(22), 3403-3409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.04.034

Nugent, C, Abul, Y, White, EM, Shehadeh, F, Kaczynski, M, Oscar Felix, L, Ganesan, N, Oyebanji, OA, Vishnepolskiy, I, Didion, EM, Paxitzis, A, Sheehan, ML, Chan, PA, Pfeifer, WM, Dickerson, E, Kamojjala, S, Wilson, BM, Mylonakis, E, King, CL, Balazs, AB, Canaday, DH & Gravenstein, S 2023, 'Second monovalent SARS-CoV-2 mRNA booster restores Omicron-specific neutralizing activity in both nursing home residents and health care workers', Vaccine, vol. 41, no. 22, pp. 3403-3409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.04.034

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abstract = "We examined whether the second monovalent SARS-CoV-2 mRNA booster increased antibody levels and their neutralizing activity to Omicron variants in nursing home residents (NH) residents and healthcare workers (HCW). We sampled 376 NH residents and 63 HCW after primary mRNA vaccination, first and second boosters, for antibody response and pseudovirus neutralization assay against SARS-CoV-2 wild-type (WT) (Wuhan-Hu-1) strain, Omicron BA.1 and BA.5 variants. Antibody levels and neutralizing activity progressively increased with each booster but subsequently waned over 3–6 months. NH residents, both those without and with prior infection, had a robust geometric mean fold rise (GMFR) of 8.1 (95% CI 4.4, 14.8) and 7.8 (95% CI 4.8, 12.9) respectively in Omicron-BA.1 subvariant specific neutralizing antibody levels following the second booster vaccination (p < 0.001). These results support the ongoing efforts to ensure that both NH residents and HCW are up-to-date on recommended SARS-CoV-2 vaccine booster doses.",

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AU - Abul, Yasin

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AU - Shehadeh, Fadi

AU - Kaczynski, Matthew

AU - Oscar Felix, Lewis

AU - Ganesan, Narchonai

AU - Oyebanji, Oladayo A.

AU - Vishnepolskiy, Igor

AU - Didion, Elise M.

AU - Paxitzis, Alexandra

AU - Sheehan, Maegan L.

AU - Chan, Philip A.

AU - Pfeifer, Walther M.

AU - Dickerson, Evan

AU - Kamojjala, Shreya

AU - Wilson, Brigid M.

AU - Mylonakis, Eleftherios

AU - King, Christopher L.

AU - Balazs, Alejandro B.

AU - Canaday, David H.

AU - Gravenstein, Stefan

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N2 - We examined whether the second monovalent SARS-CoV-2 mRNA booster increased antibody levels and their neutralizing activity to Omicron variants in nursing home residents (NH) residents and healthcare workers (HCW). We sampled 376 NH residents and 63 HCW after primary mRNA vaccination, first and second boosters, for antibody response and pseudovirus neutralization assay against SARS-CoV-2 wild-type (WT) (Wuhan-Hu-1) strain, Omicron BA.1 and BA.5 variants. Antibody levels and neutralizing activity progressively increased with each booster but subsequently waned over 3–6 months. NH residents, both those without and with prior infection, had a robust geometric mean fold rise (GMFR) of 8.1 (95% CI 4.4, 14.8) and 7.8 (95% CI 4.8, 12.9) respectively in Omicron-BA.1 subvariant specific neutralizing antibody levels following the second booster vaccination (p < 0.001). These results support the ongoing efforts to ensure that both NH residents and HCW are up-to-date on recommended SARS-CoV-2 vaccine booster doses.

AB - We examined whether the second monovalent SARS-CoV-2 mRNA booster increased antibody levels and their neutralizing activity to Omicron variants in nursing home residents (NH) residents and healthcare workers (HCW). We sampled 376 NH residents and 63 HCW after primary mRNA vaccination, first and second boosters, for antibody response and pseudovirus neutralization assay against SARS-CoV-2 wild-type (WT) (Wuhan-Hu-1) strain, Omicron BA.1 and BA.5 variants. Antibody levels and neutralizing activity progressively increased with each booster but subsequently waned over 3–6 months. NH residents, both those without and with prior infection, had a robust geometric mean fold rise (GMFR) of 8.1 (95% CI 4.4, 14.8) and 7.8 (95% CI 4.8, 12.9) respectively in Omicron-BA.1 subvariant specific neutralizing antibody levels following the second booster vaccination (p < 0.001). These results support the ongoing efforts to ensure that both NH residents and HCW are up-to-date on recommended SARS-CoV-2 vaccine booster doses.

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KW - COVID-19 Vaccines

KW - Health Personnel

KW - COVID-19/prevention & control

KW - RNA, Messenger

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Second monovalent SARS-CoV-2 mRNA booster restores Omicron-specific neutralizing activity in both nursing home residents and health care workers

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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