TY - JOUR
T1 - The estrogen receptor family
AU - Warner, Margaret
AU - Nilsson, Stefan
AU - Gustafsson, Jan Åke
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 1999
Y1 - 1999
N2 - A significant flow of new data is currently being generated within the field of estrogen receptors and their mechanisms of action. This is primarily a result of the development of estrogen receptor knockout mice and the discovery of the second estrogen receptor, estrogen receptor β. Both estrogen receptors appear to be involved in a multitude of regulatory events, the details of which will be worked out within the next few years. Estrogen receptor α appears to play a major role in the regulation of reproductive events and estrogen receptor α knockout female mice are completely infertile. Estrogen receptor β knockout females have severe but incomplete infertility. Estrogen receptor β gene mutations may, therefore, be of great clinical interest because they could perhaps explain some cases in which ovarian dysfunction leads to human infertility. Both receptors appear to be of essence for the cardiovascular system. Future studies will determine the relative importance of estrogen receptors α and β in bone, the urogenital tract, the immune system, and the central nervous system, as well as in other estrogen target tissues.
AB - A significant flow of new data is currently being generated within the field of estrogen receptors and their mechanisms of action. This is primarily a result of the development of estrogen receptor knockout mice and the discovery of the second estrogen receptor, estrogen receptor β. Both estrogen receptors appear to be involved in a multitude of regulatory events, the details of which will be worked out within the next few years. Estrogen receptor α appears to play a major role in the regulation of reproductive events and estrogen receptor α knockout female mice are completely infertile. Estrogen receptor β knockout females have severe but incomplete infertility. Estrogen receptor β gene mutations may, therefore, be of great clinical interest because they could perhaps explain some cases in which ovarian dysfunction leads to human infertility. Both receptors appear to be of essence for the cardiovascular system. Future studies will determine the relative importance of estrogen receptors α and β in bone, the urogenital tract, the immune system, and the central nervous system, as well as in other estrogen target tissues.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0032831963&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0032831963&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/00001703-199906000-00003
DO - 10.1097/00001703-199906000-00003
M3 - Article
C2 - 10369199
AN - SCOPUS:0032831963
SN - 1040-872X
VL - 11
SP - 249
EP - 254
JO - Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology
JF - Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology
IS - 3
ER -